Have you ever heard the term atherosclerosis and wondered what it really means? Let’s break it down in simple words. We will understand how it affects your body, especially your carotid arteries, brain, and heart. More importantly, let’s talk about how physiotherapy can play a key role in helping you manage it.

What is Atherosclerosis?

Atherosclerosis is a condition where fatty deposits (plaque) build up inside your arteries. These arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood to your body. Over time, these plaques make the arteries narrower and harder, which means less blood can flow through.

How Does Atherosclerosis Affect the Brain?

Your brain needs a constant supply of oxygen-rich blood to work properly. Atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries (which supply blood to the brain) can cause:

• Reduced blood flow to the brain : which may lead to confusion, dizziness, or memory problems
• Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) : when a part of the brain doesn't get enough blood
• Cognitive decline : due to long-term poor blood supply
• Poor coordination and balance
• Headaches and vision problems in some cases

How Does It Affect the Heart?

The arteries that supply blood to the heart are called coronary arteries. When these arteries are blocked or narrowed, the heart doesn’t get enough oxygen. This can cause:

• Chest pain or tightness (angina)
• Shortness of breath, especially during activity
• Heart attack : if a blood clot completely blocks the artery
• Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia)
• Heart failure : where the heart becomes weak and can’t pump blood properly

These heart issues can become life-threatening if not managed well.

Symptoms You Shouldn’t Ignore

• Shortness of breath
• Dizziness or fainting
• Weakness in arms or legs
• Chest pain or pressure
• Trouble walking or balancing
• Blurred vision or slurred speech
• Fatigue with mild activity

How Can Physiotherapy Help?

You might think physiotherapy is only for joint pain or after surgery. But it actually it plays a major role in managing cardiovascular and neurological conditions like atherosclerosis.

1. Cardiac Rehabilitation

• Structured exercise programs to improve heart function
• Increases stamina and reduces chest discomfort
• Helps the heart use oxygen more efficiently
• Monitored sessions to ensure safety

2. Post-Stroke Physiotherapy

• Restores muscle strength and movement after a stroke
• Improves balance, walking, and coordination
• Reduces spasticity (tightness) and joint stiffness
• Helps with speech and swallowing exercises (with specialized therapists)

3. Improves Blood Circulation

• Regular guided movements improve overall blood flow
• Reduces the risk of blood clots
• Keeps muscles and joints active and healthy

4. Reduces Risk Factors

• Helps in managing weight, blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol
• Encourages an active lifestyle that prevents further complications
• Reduces dependency on medication over time (under medical guidance)

5. Improves Lung Function

• Breathing exercises increase oxygen intake
• Helps manage shortness of breath and improve endurance

6. Personalized Exercise Plans

• Every patient gets a plan based on their age, health condition, and goals
• Exercises are gentle but effective
• Progress is monitored and adjusted as needed

7. Boosts Mental Health

• Physical activity releases endorphins that reduce anxiety and depression
• Improves sleep, mood, and confidence – especially after a heart or brain event

Why Physiotherapy Should Be a Part of Your Treatment Plan

• Prevents complications from getting worse
• Aids faster recovery after a stroke or heart event
• Improves your ability to do daily activities
• Keeps you active, safe, and independent
• Focuses on prevention, recovery, and long-term health

Atherosclerosis may sound scary, but the good news is – with the right care, it can be managed. You can improve your health with physiotherapy, medication, and diet. It is one of the most powerful tools to protect your heart and brain. It also helps you live better.

If you or someone you love is dealing with heart or brain-related issues – don’t wait. Physiotherapy can change lives.

Book your consultation today and take the first step toward a healthier, stronger you.